ISS National Lab-Sponsored Research Aims to Grow Tumors in Microgravity to Test Chemotherapy Effectiveness
Researchers from a Connecticut-based startup are hopeful their tumor-on-a-chip model can accurately predict how individuals will respond to treatment
CAPE CANAVERAL (FL), March 20, 2024 – Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide, with nearly 10 million people dying from the disease each year. Researchers from Connecticut-based startup Encapsulate are turning to the microgravityThe condition of perceived weightlessness created when an object is in free fall, for example when an object is in orbital motion. Microgravity alters many observable phenomena within the physical and life sciences, allowing scientists to study things in ways not possible on Earth. The International Space Station provides access to a persistent microgravity environment. conditions available through the International Space Station (ISSInternational Space Station) National Laboratory to explore how to mitigate the effects of cancer and improve the lives of patients on Earth.
For many living with cancer, treatment options can be a grueling trial-and-error process, as there are multiple drugs available for many types of cancer. Chemotherapy drugs work by killing the cancer cells within the body, but research has shown that for certain cancer types, nearly 80% of initial chemotherapy treatments do not work, which means that individuals have to endure multiple rounds of treatments.
Armin Rad, CEO of Encapsulate, is hoping that his company’s research will help streamline cancer treatment and save patients from months of adverse side effects while improving their quality of life. To that end, his company is sending engineered cancerous tumors to space to study how they behave in the microgravity environment.
“Testing on the International Space Station provides an opportunity to evaluate our work with microtumors in an environment that more accurately mimics how cells behave inside the human body,” he said.
The idea of testing tumor tissue outside the body isn’t new, but Encapsulate is hoping its unique tumor-on-a-chip approach better mimics a tumor’s in-body reaction to treatment. According to Rad, cells behave differently in microgravity, forming 3D structures that more closely resemble the growth and behavior of cells inside the human body. This type of cell growth is difficult to achieve terrestrially, which makes the space station an ideal test bed for tumor-related research.
“We know that cancer cells behave differently in space because of the microgravity conditions, but we don’t know yet how that will affect treatment efficacy, and that’s what we want to explore,” said Leila Daneshmandi, Encapsulate chief operating officer and cofounder.
The company aims to target colorectal, pancreatic, lung, and breast cancers to begin with and expand from there. Using colorectal and pancreatic cancer patient cells through Encapsulate’s established biobank, Rad and his team have validated the concept on the ground. By sending its project to space, Encapsulate aims to demonstrate that its automated tumor-on-a-chip system can grow patients’ cancer cells outside the human body and then use those cells to screen chemotherapeutic drugs for efficacy.
Results from this investigation will allow for improved decision-making to select the most effective course of treatment that can be tailored to each individual. Rad and Daneshmandi are hopeful that this type of technology could reduce an individual’s treatment time, cut down on treatment costs, and even save lives.
Encapsulate’s investigation was awarded the Technology in Space Prize, funded by Boeing and the Center for the Advancement of Science in Space™ (CASIS™(Abbreviation: CASIS™) The nonprofit organization that manages the ISS National Lab, which receives at least 50 percent of the U.S. research allocation on the International Space Station to facilitate research that benefits humanity (NASA manages the other 50% and focuses on research for space exploration purposes).), manager of the ISS National Lab, through the MassChallenge startup accelerator program. Since the prize’s inception, approximately $20 million has been awarded for more than 30 projects, many of which have already launched to the space station.
The project is slated to launch on SpaceX’s 30th Commercial Resupply Services (CRS) mission, contracted by NASANational Aeronautics and Space Administration, no earlier than March 21, 4:55 p.m. EDT from Space Launch Complex 40 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station. This mission will include more than 20 ISS National Lab-sponsored projects. To learn more about all ISS National Lab-sponsored research on this flight, please visit our launch page.
Download a high-resolution photo for the release: SpaceX Dragon Spacecraft
Media Contact:
Patrick O’Neill
904-806-0035
PONeill@ISSNationalLab.org
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About the International Space Station (ISS) National Laboratory: The International Space Station (ISS) is a one-of-a-kind laboratory that enables research and technology development not possible on Earth. As a public service enterprise, the ISS National Laboratory® allows researchers to leverage this multiuser facility to improve quality of life on Earth, mature space-based business models, advance science literacy in the future workforce, and expand a sustainable and scalable market in low Earth orbit(Abbreviation: LEO) The orbit around the Earth that extends up to an altitude of 2,000 km (1,200 miles) from Earth’s surface. The International Space Station’s orbit is in LEO, at an altitude of approximately 250 miles.. Through this orbiting national laboratory, research resources on the ISS are available to support non-NASA science, technology, and education initiatives from U.S. government agencies, academic institutions, and the private sector. The Center for the Advancement of Science in Space™ (CASIS™) manages the ISS National Lab, under Cooperative AgreementA cooperative agreement is Federal assistance that establishes a relationship between the U.S. Government and a recipient in which the principal purpose of the relationship is to accomplish a public purpose of support or stimulation. Since 2011, the Center for the Advancement of Science in Space™ (CASIS™) has managed the National Laboratory® through a Cooperative Agreement with NASA. with NASA, facilitating access to its permanent microgravity research environment, a powerful vantage point in low Earth orbit, and the extreme and varied conditions of space. To learn more about the ISS National Lab, visit our website.
As a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization, CASIS accepts corporate and individual donations to help advance science in space for the benefit of humanity. For more information, visit our donations page.