Space-Based Experiments to Advance Early Cancer Detection Through Blood Tests

CAPE CANAVERAL (FL), September 3, 2024 – The University of Notre Dame is leading a series of groundbreaking experiments onboard the International Space Station (ISSInternational Space Station) to revolutionize early cancer detection. This research, featured in the latest issue of Upward, official magazine of the ISS National Laboratory®, demonstrates how bubbles formed in microgravityThe condition of perceived weightlessness created when an object is in free fall, for example when an object is in orbital motion. Microgravity alters many observable phenomena within the physical and life sciences, allowing scientists to study things in ways not possible on Earth. The International Space Station provides access to a persistent microgravity environment. can significantly enhance biosensing technology by concentrating microscopic substances more effectively than on Earth.

The just-completed third experiment, which launched to the ISS on Northrop Grumman’s 21st Commercial Resupply Services mission(Abbreviation: CRS mission) A CRS mission is a cargo resupply mission contracted by NASA to deliver supplies and research to the International Space Station on commercial spacecraft as part of the CRS contract with three commercial companies. As part of CRS missions, experiments currently return to Earth on SpaceX Dragon spacecraft that splash down in the ocean. to the orbiting laboratory, contracted by NASANational Aeronautics and Space Administration, builds on the team’s earlier ISS National Lab-sponsored research. This most recent investigation successfully introduced laser heating to refine bubble behavior, increasing the concentration of particles collected—an essential step toward detecting early cancer biomarkers and other trace elements in blood. These advancements could dramatically improve the sensitivity of biosensors, opening the door to earlier and more accurate cancer detection.

“The technology currently available to screen for early, asymptomatic cancer before a tumor is visible during imaging is very limited to just a few cancers,” says principal investigator Tengfei Luo, associate chair in the department of aerospace and mechanical engineering at the University of Notre Dame, in the Upward article. “If cancer screening using our bubble technology in space is democratized and made inexpensive, many more cancers can be screened, and everyone can benefit. It’s something we may be able to integrate into annual exams. It sounds far-fetched, but it’s achievable.”

ISS National Lab Commercial Service ProviderImplementation Partners that own and operate commercial facilities for the support of research on the ISS or are developing future facilities. Space Tango worked with Luo’s team to develop specialized CubeLab hardware to automate the study of bubble formation and behavior in microgravity. The hardware includes advanced imaging systems designed to capture high-resolution data on bubble dynamics.

“We’re using the unique space environment to push the boundaries of what’s possible in biosensing,” Luo said. “Our ultimate goal is to make these powerful diagnostic tools widely accessible and affordable on Earth and to accelerate diagnostics that are only possible in space.”

For more details about the ongoing research, read the full article in Upward.

Download a high-resolution photo: University of Notre Dame scientists

Media Contact:
Patrick O’Neill
904-806-0035
PONeill@ISSNationalLab.org

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About the International Space Station (ISS) National Laboratory: The International Space Station (ISS) is a one-of-a-kind laboratory that enables research and technology development not possible on Earth. As a public service enterprise, the ISS National Laboratory® allows researchers to leverage this multiuser facility to improve quality of life on Earth, mature space-based business models, advance science literacy in the future workforce, and expand a sustainable and scalable market in low Earth orbit(Abbreviation: LEO) The orbit around the Earth that extends up to an altitude of 2,000 km (1,200 miles) from Earth’s surface. The International Space Station’s orbit is in LEO, at an altitude of approximately 250 miles.. Through this orbiting national laboratory, research resources on the ISS are available to support non-NASA science, technology, and education initiatives from U.S. government agencies, academic institutions, and the private sector. The Center for the Advancement of Science in Space™ (CASIS™(Abbreviation: CASIS™) The nonprofit organization that manages the ISS National Lab, which receives at least 50 percent of the U.S. research allocation on the International Space Station to facilitate research that benefits humanity (NASA manages the other 50% and focuses on research for space exploration purposes).) manages the ISS National Lab, under Cooperative AgreementA cooperative agreement is Federal assistance that establishes a relationship between the U.S. Government and a recipient in which the principal purpose of the relationship is to accomplish a public purpose of support or stimulation.  Since 2011, the Center for the Advancement of Science in Space™ (CASIS™) has managed the National Laboratory® through a Cooperative Agreement with NASA. with NASA, facilitating access to its permanent microgravity research environment, a powerful vantage point in low Earth orbit, and the extreme and varied conditions of space. To learn more about the ISS National Lab, visit our website.

As a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization, CASIS accepts corporate and individual donations to help advance science in space for the benefit of humanity. For more information, visit our donations page.